Before I start this, let me just say this is no complex issue. Which, I will try to counterintuitively prove with this long article discussing the history of Palestine, both sides’ rights to defend themselves, legal violations, and war crimes. 

What is Happening in Palestine? 

by Maged Hussein

In a nutshell, the conflict between Israel and Palestine has its roots in the late 19th century, when the Zionist movement began to advocate for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. At the time, Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire and was largely inhabited by Arabs.

The Balfour Declaration

In 1917, the British government issued the Balfour Declaration, which expressed support for the Zionist movement's goals. After the Ottoman Empire's defeat in World War I, the British took control of Palestine under a League of Nations mandate.

During the British Mandate, the Jewish population of Palestine increased significantly, due to both immigration and natural growth.  After what happened to Jews in World War 2, they sought refuge in Palestine, which increased the refugee Jewish population there significantly. 

In 1947, the United Nations voted to partition Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab. The Jewish community accepted the partition plan, but the Arab community rejected it. This makes sense; one side which has people who were once refugees is getting free land and the other, which has people who lived there for hundreds of years, is losing land.

On May 14, 1948, David Ben-Gurion declared the establishment of the State of Israel. The next day, five Arab armies invaded Israel. The 1948 Arab-Israeli War lasted for eight months and ended with an Israeli victory.

This is one shot from the one and a half hour Tantura documentary.
I will also be linking parts of the documentary from YouTube in the sources at the bottom of the page.


In 1949, when armistice agreements were signed, Israel possessed a greater extent of land than designated in the UN partition plan. Which caused around 800,000 Arabs to either flee or be expelled from Palestine which later became Israel.

The 1948 war was the first in a series of wars between Israel and the Arab states. The conflict has continued to this day, with no resolution in sight.

Until the 7th of October 2023 when the Palestinian Hamas movement decided to attack Israel to get back the Palestinian people's right to self-determination. The attack was a result of years of unaccountable-for violence, oppression, imprisonment, torture, exploitation, mass murder of women, children, and men, ethnic cleansing, displacement, sexual assault, and the list is not even close to ending. And if you think I'm exaggerating you can watch a documentary called Tantura in which old Israeli soldiers are laughing about how they or their friends murdered and raped and burnt Palestinians back at the time of the "Nakba". Moreover, you can also check the Human Rights page for Israel/Palestine. Which has reports on human rights violations from both sides which you will find in source number 21 at the bottom of this article. Not only is most of the page about Israel's violations but the small portion that is about Palestine, is mostly about the Palestinian government against its own people, not Israelis. 

The original borders set by the UN during the partition plan.

Today's borders for comparison with  the original partition plan. The West Bank and Gaza are the Palestinian terrretories.

Hamas was created as a response to the occupation. October 7th did not happen in a vacuum as United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’ said. 

In short, this war didn't start on the 7th of October. It started 7 decades ago. 


What about the Jews who lived in Palestine thousands of years ago? They deserve to go back to their homeland.

Now I don't know if a Jewish man born in Brooklyn, with American parents and  Austrian grandparents, has any right to come and displace a Palestinian from their home simply because of ethnicity, but let's go with that narrative and answer the question.

Well, how far back do you want to go? Because if you want to go back to the 13th-6th century BCE and start counting from then, you would win that argument. They were indeed there first in that case (although I still don't see the significance) but I will go even further back. 

Here we go:

Humans have inhabited the region of Palestine for tens of thousands of years. The earliest known inhabitants were the Canaanites, who go back as far as around 3500 BC. The Canaanites were a Semitic people who spoke a language related to Arabic and Hebrew.

The Canaanites

The Israelites arrived in Palestine in the 13th century BC. They were a Semitic people who spoke a language related to Hebrew. The Israelites settled in the central highlands of Palestine and established a kingdom.

In the 12th century BC, a group of people called the Philistines arrived in the region. The Philistines were seafaring people who came from the Aegean Sea. They settled on the coastal plain of Palestine during the Iron Age and established a number of city-states;  including Ashkelon, Ashdod, Gath, and Ekron. They were a powerful force in the region, and they frequently clashed with the Israelites.

The Philistines are mentioned in the Bible, where they are often portrayed as the enemies of the Israelites. However, the Philistines also had a significant impact on Israelite culture. For example, the Philistines introduced the Israelites to ironworking, and they also influenced Israelite art and architecture.

The Philistines were a major power in the region for centuries. They fought many wars with the Israelites, and they were often victorious. However, the Philistines were eventually defeated by the Israelites in the 10th century BC. After their defeat, the Philistines were gradually assimilated into the Israelite population.

The Israelite kingdom reached its peak under King Solomon in the 10th century BC. Solomon built the First Temple in Jerusalem and expanded the kingdom's borders.

After Solomon's death, the Israelite kingdom split into two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. The kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Assyrians in the 8th century BC. The kingdom of Judah was conquered by the Babylonians in the 6th century BC.

The Babylonians destroyed the First Temple and exiled the Jews to Babylon. 

After the collapse of the Babylonian Empire, some of the Israelites returned to Palestine and rebuilt the temple.

However, Palestine also came under the rule of a number of other empires, including the Persian Empire (539-332 BCE), the Greek Empire(332-63 BCE), the Egyptian Empire and the Roman Empire.

Palestine was ruled by the Roman Empire from 63 BC to the 4th century CE. The Second Temple was destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD. The Romans also expelled the Jews from Palestine. Followed by the Byzantine Empire until the 7th century CE. The Sasanian Empire briefly conquered Palestine in the 7th century CE, but it was soon conquered by the Arabs, who introduced Islam to the locals, and the majority of the population eventually converted to Islam.

The Arabs ruled Palestine for close to a  thousand years. During this time, Palestine became a major center of Islamic culture. In 1516  The Ottoman Empire invaded Palestine and ruled it until 1918 or the end of World War 1. Which was by the end of The Ottoman Empire, that then made Palestine under British rule from 1918 to 1948 (the year when Israel was established as a country). 

So, to answer your question, the Canaanites were the first known inhabitants of Palestine. However, the region has been inhabited by many different groups of people over the centuries, including the Philistines, Israelites, Jews, Christians, Muslims, Byzantines, Romans, Ottomans, and many more over the last 4000 years. Most of them were after the Israelites. Meaning any trace of Israelite culture has been long gone. 

The Jewish people back then did indeed conquer it from the Canaanites first before the(by like 2000 years) Arabs. 

So were the Greeks in Egypt. They also conquered Egypt before the Arabs did, but I don't imagine their modern-day descendants would have the right to come take my home and kill my family. 

In the same way that if the Canaanites would return I don't imagine Israel would give them their land back given that they are the first original Inhabitants. 


So is this a dispute over religion?

Not at all. It is not Judaism vs Islam. 

Besides the fact that Palestinian (and Arab) Christians exist and you can find videos of Israeli radicals spitting at some Palestinian nuns online and the fact that Israel just bombed the Greek Orthodox Church in Gaza (which is nearly 1000 years old), the dispute is Zionism vs anyone who stands in their way. Which in this case happens to be Arabs. 

To further prove it isn't Judaism vs Islam, a lot of Jewish people are anti-zionism. Arrests and abuses by Israeli forces have been occurring against Israeli and Jewish citizens simply for sympathizing with Gaza. 


Why don't Gazans just move to Sinai in Egypt or any other Arab country? 

Well, why should they? 
That's their land according to the UN partition plan. 


Does Israel have the right to defend itself?

The short answer is no. 

The long answer is as follows: Israel is an occupying force in violation of international law. So, defend itself from whom or what exactly? The resisting occupied people?

Because an occupier under international law is an authority that exercises effective control over a territory that is not its own, without the consent of the legitimate government of that territory. Since Israel controls entrance and exit to and from Gaza and The West Bank, airspace, food, water, internet, electricity, and gas (which were all cut off recently, which is a war crime - have a look at the Geneva Conventions in the sources) and every other aspect of life, that makes them an occupying power. Because they practice effective control over Palestinian territories.

On the other hand, occupied people have the right to defend themselves under international law. This right is enshrined in several international treaties and conventions, including the Geneva Conventions and the United Nations Charter.

The right of occupied peoples to defend themselves is not limited to peaceful means. They have the right to use force, including armed force, to resist occupation.

  1. United Nations General Assembly resolution Number 37/43: 
    - “Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples for independence, territorial integrity, national unity and liberation from colonial and foreign domination and foreign occupation by all available means, including armed struggle;” 
    - “Reaffirms the inalienable right of the Namibian people, the Palestinian people and all peoples under foreign and colonial domination to self-determination, national independence, territorial integrity, national unity and sovereignty without outside interference;” (source number 21) 

  2. The Geneva Conventions of 1949: These conventions protect the rights of civilians and prisoners of war in wartime. They also contain provisions that recognize the right of occupied peoples to resist occupation. (Source number 22)

  3. Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions: This protocol, which was adopted in 1977, further elaborates on the right of peoples to self-determination and the right of occupied peoples to resist occupation.

  4. The United Nations Charter: Article 51 of the Charter allows states to use force in self-defense in response to an armed attack. The Charter also recognizes the right of peoples to self-determination, which includes the right to resist foreign domination. (Source number 23)



Occupiers also have a number of obligations under international law, including protecting the civilian population, maintaining law and order, providing essential services, and respecting cultural property. So, not only is Israel an occupier, but it also does not fulfill its duties as an occupier and continues to commit war crimes like bombing hospitals, schools, and cultural monuments, attacking civilians, using weapons that are prohibited like white phosphorus, torturing Palestinian prisoners, sexual crimes and more. 

And before you bring up how Israel withdrew from Gaza in 2005, Amnesty International, The International Court of Justice,  The UN General Assembly, The International Committee for the Red Cross, Human Rights Watch, and  The International Criminal Court all say Israel is still occupying Gaza (that's of course besides all of Palestine that's not theirs to begin with).

Additionally, Palestinians both in The West Bank and Gaza don't have the right of movement, they can't move or exit without the permission of Israel. In fact, people in The West Bank can't go to Gaza, and people in Gaza can't go to The West Bank. 


If Israel is so bad why hasn't it been taken to court for war crimes?

Israel is not a member of the International Criminal Court (ICC), which is supposed to prosecute individuals accused of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. 

Israel signed the Rome Statute of the ICC, the treaty that established the Court, in 2000, but it did not ratify it. This means that Israel is not legally bound by the Rome Statute and is not subject to the jurisdiction of the ICC.

There are a number of reasons why Israel has not ratified the Rome Statute. One reason is that Israel is concerned about the ICC's potential to prosecute Israeli citizens for crimes committed in the occupied Palestinian territories. 

The ICC Prosecutor opened an investigation in 2021. Israel has not recognized the jurisdiction of the ICC in this matter, and it has taken steps to undermine the investigation, including passing a law that makes it a crime for Israeli citizens to cooperate with the ICC.

Israel is also not a member of the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid. The convention was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on November 30, 1973. It defines apartheid as a crime against humanity and prohibits all forms of apartheid, including racial segregation, discrimination, and domination.

Israel has never signed or ratified the convention. It has argued that the convention does not apply to Israel because it was adopted during the Cold War and was intended to apply to South Africa. Israel has also argued that the convention is biased against Israel and that it is not legally binding.

The international community has repeatedly called on Israel to ratify the convention. In 2017, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution calling on Israel to sign and ratify the convention. The resolution was passed by a vote of 139-2, with only the United States and Israel voting against it.

The United Nations Human Rights Council has also called on Israel to ratify the convention in 2018. 

Israel has not complied with the calls from the international community to ratify the convention. It continues to deny that it is an apartheid state and that the convention applies to it.

Israel is a member of the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations and is responsible for settling legal disputes between states. The ICJ has jurisdiction to hear cases between states that have voluntarily agreed to submit to its jurisdiction. Israel has made a series of declarations recognizing the ICJ's jurisdiction in certain matters, but it has not made a general declaration submitting to the jurisdiction of the Court. This means that Israel can choose to accept or reject the jurisdiction of the ICJ on a case-by-case basis.

The ICJ has issued a number of judgments that have been critical of Israel's actions in the occupied territories. In one landmark decision in 2004, the ICJ found that Israel's construction of a wall in the occupied West Bank was illegal and that it violated the rights of Palestinians. In another decision in 2019, the ICJ found that Israel's practice of demolishing Palestinian homes in the occupied West Bank was illegal and that it violated the rights of Palestinians.

Israel has not complied with the ICJ's judgments in these cases. This has led to criticism from the international community and has further strained relations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority.


Isn't Israel fighting Hamas? 

That's what they say; however, so far, Israel has killed over 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 14,000 civilians with 73% of them women and children, and injured over 24,000 27,000 32,000 civilians (I wrote this piece in 2 weeks and I had to go back and fix the numbers 3 4 5 times). That's of course besides the 100s of thousands whose homes were destroyed in Gaza. Gaza's population is 2.3 million, 70% of which were displaced.

The West Bank has no Hamas, yet israel is attacking it and mass imprisoning people there.

The number of Hamas fighters who have died out of the 14,000 people and the number of Hamas bases that were destroyed out of the 100s of thousands of homes destroyed remains unknown. So, whether or not Israel's attacks have actually affected Hamas is very unclear.

With Israel's lack of care about the lives of thir own civilians, considering they continue to carpet bomb Gaza knowing their people are held prisoners there, it is hard to imagine they would care about Palestinian lives.

Some people like to justify the bombing of houses by pointing out that Israel warns Palestinans before they bomb; completely disregarding the fact that Palestinians have no where to evacuate to and that there is no reason to evacuate if it is not a Hamas base in the first place. If Israel is warning them before they bomb, it means Israel knows the house has civilians and not Hamas fighters.


Is Hamas a terrorist organization? 

The IDF did more in 1 month than any other recent war has managed to do. So who is the terrorist?

Hamas is as much of a terrorist organization as the IRA (Irish Republican Army) resisting the occupation of the UK; and as much of a terrorist organization as ANC (African National Congress) with their armed struggle against apartheid in South Africa, but not nearly as much of a terrorist organization as the IDF. 

Although Hamas’ targets have mostly been armed soldiers, whether you like it or not, according to international law (refer back to the 4 laws I mentioned earlier) Hamas is a lawful liberation movement as much as the IRA and the ANC were, considering the Palestinian people have the right to defend themselves by any means necessary against an occupier and an apartheid state.

Some countries did declare Hamas a terrorist organization, they did the same with the IRA and the ANC in the past.

Considering Human Rights Watch, and Amnesty International both agreed that Israel (besides also agreeing that it is an occupying power) does practice apartheid against the Palestinians, if I call Hamas a terrorist I must use the same metric to call ANC and IRA terrorists as well.

So that's your call.

Keep in mind that we cannot turn a blind eye on some of the things Hamas has done, and I need to emphasize that 1 civilian life taken is 1 civilian life too much on either side of the war.

P.S: Hamas was elected by the people as a legislative council. 


What about what Hamas did on October 7th? 

Firstly, the number of civilians killed was 1500 according to Israel, then it was updated to 1400, and lastly it was updated to 1200. 

Meaning either Israel can bring back the dead or it is lying. Considering we have seen no proof of the former I am inclined to believe they are lying which we have seen very clearly in the last 2 months with the amount of lies that have come out. Such as, the 40 beheaded babies and the raped women pictures that were never released.

Secondly, new reports show that an Israeli chopper was the one killing its own civilians from that concert because the pilot could not discriminate between Hamas members and Israeli civilians. This time my source is an Israeli newspaper too.

Thirdly, the world did not start existing on October 7th. What happened was a reaction, not an action as you can see from the graph.

Lastly, how is the Israeli side the victim here?


But Palestine was never a sovereign state, was it?

 That's right. It wasn't. Ireland also wasn't a sovereign state considering it was conquered by the UK for 100s of years. That never took their right to fight for their land and become a sovereign state neither did it give the UK the right to take it. Similarly, Palestine having not been a sovereign state, considering it was always under the occupation of an empire as I mentioned above, does not make the land yours for the taking and does not strip the Palestinian people's right to self-determination. 

Additionally, Ukraine was only a sovereign state in 1991. Before that, it was under the control of Russia. That's why Russia is trying to invade Ukraine, to “get their land back”. Has that ever taken the Ukrainian people's right to self-defense against Russian invasion? 

The Native Americans also did not have a sovereign state. 


Do Jewish people not deserve to have a safe place for them? 

Of course, they do. Everyone does, but at whose expense? If your safety is at the expense of others, then you best believe you will never be truly safe because the others will retaliate eventually. in Palestine Jews, Muslims and Christians lived together for 100s of years in Palestine at the time of the Ottoman Empire rule. So, they did have a safe place.

Additionally, nobody deserves an ethnostate. A country that gives citizenship based on religion or ethnicity is unreal. If a Christian or a Muslim country did that, the world would flip. And if you don't think that's an ethno-state, then let me add that; “the only democracy in the Middle East” has been secretly and non-consensually sterilizing Ethiopian Jewish women who were moving to Israel. So it seems that Israel is only a safe place for white or non-black jews. Which is the definition of an ethno-state.

Just because a group of people suffered by an ethno-state in the past does not mean they get to have one now.

And to use The Holocaust to justify what Israel is doing is absolutely appalling. Especially, when they use the same propaganda tactics that The Nazi party used.

if you find the comparison insulting, please refer to literally any statement about Palestine or its people made by any Knesset member, Israeli official, or minister.


Isn't it Anti-Semitic to oppose Israel? 

While that is precisely what Israel and Western media would like us to think, it is not true. Simply due to the fact that Israel is not a representative of the Jewish people. It is a country like any other country and Zionism is not Judaism. The problem is with the former.

When I criticise Israel I am criticising the country or the government not the religion or the ethnicity of Judaism.

No one can deny the existence of people on both sides of this issue who use their disagreement with Palestine or Israel to justify or fuel their own prejudiced Islamophobic/antisemitic views, but that is not the case with everyone.


Here's a list of resolutions by the UN regarding Israel: 

United Nations General Assembly Resolutions against Israel:

  1. Resolution Number 242 (1967): Demands Israel's withdrawal from territories occupied in the 1967 Six-Day War. 

  2. Resolution Number 259 (1968): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from Jerusalem. 

  3. Resolution Number 262 (1968):Calls for Israel's withdrawal from all occupied territories. 

  4. Resolution Number 265 (1969): Condemns Israel's attack on the village of Qibya. 

  5. Resolution Number 267 (1969): Condemns Israel's attack on the village of Karameh. 

  6. Resolution Number 271 (1969): Condemns Israel's attack on the village of Ma'an. 

  7. Resolution Number 2799 (1971): Affirms the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, including self-determination. 

  8. Resolution Number 3236 (1974): Recognizes the Palestinian right to self-determination. 

  9. Resolution Number 58/248 (2003): Establishes the Palestinian Authority. 

  10. Resolution Number 60/68 (2005): Condemns Israel's attack on the village of Qana. 

  11. Resolution Number 62/16 (2007): Calls for the establishment of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. 

  12. Resolution Number 63/199 (2008): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. 

  13. Resolution Number 65/130 (2010): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from the West Bank. 

  14. Resolution Number 66/150 (2011): Calls for the establishment of a Palestinian state. 

  15. Resolution Number 68/184 (2013): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. 

  16. Resolution Number 70/138 (2015): Calls for the establishment of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. 

  17. Resolution Number 71/164 (2016): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from the West Bank. 

  18. Resolution Number 72/172 (2017): Condemns Israel's settlement construction in the occupied Palestinian territory. 

  19. Resolution Number 73/179 (2018): Calls for Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. 

  20. Resolution Number 75/177 (2020): Calls for the establishment of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. 

  21. Resolution Number 76/184 (2021): Condemns Israel's human rights abuses in the occupied Palestinian territory. 

  22. Resolution Number 77/197 (2022): Calls for Israel to end its occupation of the Palestinian territory. 

United Nations Security Council resolutions regarding Israel:

  1. Resolution 2799 (1971): Affirms the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, including self-determination and national independence.

  2. Resolution 2985 (1972): Condemns Israel's annexation of East Jerusalem.

  3. Resolution 3236 (1974): Recognizes the Palestinian right to self-determination and to establish an independent state.

  4. Resolution 3376 (1975): Equates Zionism with racism and racial discrimination. (This resolution was revoked in 1991.)

  5. Resolution 37/86 (1982): Condemns Israel's massacre of Palestinian civilians in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps.

  6. Resolution 39/146 (1984): Condemns Israel's attack on the Tunisian headquarters of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).

  7. Resolution 42/69 (1987): Condemns Israel's suppression of the Palestinian uprising in the occupied territories.

  8. Resolution 43/156 (1988): Condemns the killing of Palestinian civilians by Israeli forces.

  9. Resolution Number 2334 (2016):  Condemns Israel's settlement construction in the occupied Palestinian territory as a flagrant violation of international law. 

  10. Resolution Number 2379 (2017):  Reaffirms the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and to establish an independent state. 

  11. Resolution Number 2401 (2018): Calls for an immediate ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip.


Sources

  1. Establishment of Israel in Palestine: https://www.britannica.com/place/Israel/Climate

  2. Zionism, the Jewish immigration to Palestine for refuge and establishment of Israel: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Zionism

  3. The Balfour Declaration: https://www.britannica.com/event/Balfour-Declaration

  4. The UN partition plan document: https://undocs.org/A/RES/181(II)

  5. The Canaanites: https://www.britannica.com/place/Canaan-historical-region-Middle-East

  6. The Philistines: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Philistine-people

  7. The Israelites: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Israelite

  8. The history of Palestine: https://www.britannica.com/place/Palestine/History 

  9. ICRC occupation laws: https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/misc/634kfc.htm

  10. The Rome Statute Document: https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/NR/rdonlyres/ADD16852-AEE9-4757-ABE7-9CDC7CF02886/283503/RomeStatutEng1.pdf 

  11. State Parties to The Rome Statute by the ICC which does not include Israel: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/states-parties

  12. Israel passes a law that makes it illegal to cooperate with ICC officials: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210218-israel-prepares-law-to-prohibit-cooperation-with-icc/

  13. Israel refuses to cooperate with the ICC:

  14. ICJ Judgment on the Wall: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/131/advisory-opinions

  15. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid state party members which does not include Israel: https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&mtdsg_no=IV-7&chapter=4&clang=_en

  16. Information on Palestinian casualties: 

  17. Amnesty International on Israel being an apartheid state:  https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2022/02/israels-system-of-apartheid/ 

  18. Amnesty international on Israel being an occupier: 

  19. UN on Israel being an occupier: 

  20. Human Rights Watch on Israel/Palestine: https://www.hrw.org/publications?country%5B0%5D=9638

  21. Human Rights Watch on Israel being an apartheid state:  https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/04/27/threshold-crossed/israeli-authorities-and-crimes-apartheid-and-persecution 

  22. Israel sterilizing Ethiopian Jewish women:

  23. Resolution Number 37/43: https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/40572?ln=en#record-files-collapse-header

  24. The Geneva Conventions of 1949: https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/assets/files/publications/icrc-002-0173.pdf 

  25. United Nations Charter: https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/chapter-7 

  26. Ukraine's history: https://www.britannica.com/place/Ukraine/Ukraine-under-direct-imperial-Russian-rule 

  27. The assault of innocents by Israeli settlers and soldiers: 

  28. Israel detains israeli citizen for speaking against it: 

  29. Ultra-Orthodox jews spitting on nuns: https://youtu.be/HJNfKTO7XK8?si=DfNlIqmGhJuBihvK 

  30. Israeli police abuses Israeli Jewish anti-Zionism protesters: https://youtube.com/shorts/667Kf1rUfmY?si=67lFKs8KdOH2CKOz 

  31. Jewish anti-zionism protesters in the USA: https://youtu.be/gVuHgaTdysY?si=RXBXlpqS2VLxY1KI 

  32. Parts of Tantura documentary: https://youtu.be/MQ1TAOibLss?si=weVzI9QIgx3puPDd

  33. The full documentary: https://youtu.be/0iKzPWlb5FU?si=88u5o4Adct7LR4kl 

  34. Israel indiscriminately killing its own civilians on October 7th: 

  35. death toll difference between Israel and Israel: https://www.statista.com/chart/16516/israeli-palestinian-casualties-by-in-gaza-and-the-west-bank/

  36. Casualty comparison between Gaza and other recent wars: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/7/is-israels-gaza-war-the-deadliest-conflict-for-children-in-modern-times